Essay on Single-Sex Education Separate but Efficient

Have schools been teaching their students the wrong way for years? Apparently, coeducation schools have not been as sensitive about genders as single-gender schools have been. It is necessary for schools to be geared toward certain genders because both male students and female students learn differently. Due to the fact that the biology of male and female students is an immense contributor to these differences, it needs to be understood and exercised. Differences of the two genders can be used to many school systems’ advantages. Gender is still not quite declared as being a factor in development either for educators. Relating to the way that males and females are taught, methods utilized should be different because their thought†¦show more content†¦According to Kaminer, single-sex schooling promotes sexism because of classroom separation. However, this is specious logic due to the fact that students are benefitting from the classroom separation considering a s pecific gender’s characteristics. Male students tend to have keen spatial ability (Gurian 53). With this ability, they often dominate occupations involving spatial ability, such as engineers at about 100 percent and flight engineers at around 100 percent (Pease 119). In addition, boys have an outstanding ability to systemize through â€Å"understanding, using, and constructing† which is intrinsic due to the need to survive (Baron-Cohen 118). Many boys are naturally gifted at understanding â€Å"input-operation-output† relationships (Baron-Cohen 61). It appears that confrontational approaches work best with males (Sax 89) and stress tends to improve their ability on exams (Sax 92). Males also have competitive sides to them (Leman 25) which other male teachers could use to their advantage. On the other end of the spectrum, females are excellent at empathizing and acquire this ability through maintaining relationships and being a mother to survive (Baron-Coh en 126-129). Females can also naturally react to distress of others, judge emotions, and verbalize emotions better than males can (Baron-Cohen 31-32). According to Dr. Leonard Sax, confrontational or provoking approaches are ineffective when it comesShow MoreRelatedSingle-Sex Education and Co-ed Education Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesSingle-Sex Education and Coed Education. The single-sex format creates opportunities that do not exist in the coed classroom. (Edison 1) Researchers are unaware that both genders brains function differently. This lack of knowledge may be why the real truth about single-sex education being more efficient than co-ed education has not been discovered. Some say single-sex education may be the key for a brighter generation. It shows to improve test score dramatically. The number of public schools experimentingRead MorePerception on activity format in each sport Over two thirds of secondary school physical education900 Words   |  4 PagesPerception on activity format in each sport Over two thirds of secondary school physical education teachers indicated all activities, with the exceptions of football, basketball, handball, gymnastics and swimming, should be offered in a coeducational format. The major reason for coeducational grouping in some activities in physical education lesson was those activities were not require direct body contact to compete against one another when compared with football, basketball and handball. ActuallyRead MoreContrast and Comparison of Single-Sex School and Co-Ed School2898 Words   |  12 PagesRunning head: Contrast and Comparison of Single-sex School and Co-ed School Contrast and Comparison of Single-sex School and Co-ed school The education systems nowadays are made up of organizations ranging from kindergartens, general education schools, single-sex schools and co-ed schools to universities. This structure is designed to formulate people’s knowledge one step at a time according to their levels. School is one of the most important stages of educational system in ourRead MoreContrast and Comparison of Single-Sex School and Co-Ed School2909 Words   |  12 PagesRunning head: Contrast and Comparison of Single-sex School and Co-ed School Contrast and Comparison of Single-sex School and Co-ed school The education systems nowadays are made up of organizations ranging from kindergartens, general education schools, single-sex schools and co-ed schools to universities. This structure is designed to formulate people’s knowledge one step at a time according to their levels. School is one of the most important stages of educational system inRead MoreMale and Female Segregated Education (Co-Ed Versus Single Sex School): Separate but Equal3125 Words   |  13 PagesThese days, many people argue about why segregated education for males and females is a controversial issue. People argue about why they have to change the view of sharing the same classes. How does a co-educational school made students familiar with the real world despite the fact that the real world is aggregated? They think that gender is not as important as education itself, but researchers have started to notice the difference in education when males and females are separated in school classesRead MoreGende r Wage Gap Of The American Association Of University Women1236 Words   |  5 Pagesoriginates from the very popular credence that men provide for women in a family environment and that the wives’ are the parent who care for the children at home, therefore making them more unfocused in their workplace, hence the belief that men are more efficient in their job. This kind of inequity is called systemic discrimination. This paper will examine the problem of the gender wage gap. The paper will first discuss how and why the gender wage gap exists today in the 12st century. It will also addressRead MoreProblem based learning is more advantageous than traditional learning in many aspects.1100 Words   |  5 Pagesin many aspects. Academically, PBL medical students place more emphasis on meaning than on memorizing, use journals and on-line databases as sources of information, and use a more in-depth approach of learning. Unlike PBL, conventional teaching separates the basic science from the clinical practice. In the conventional curriculum, teaching is tutor-centered and comprises large group lectures, tutorials, structured laboratories experience, and periodic tests of achievement. Students passively absorbRead MorePersonal Health And Health Care2141 Words   |  9 Pagesand emotional health of an individual (Types, n.d.). Only those affected by categories of behavior health such as mental and substa nce abuse are treated by specialists. Services of behavioral health are provided at hospitals and clinics however are separate from personal care. Ultimately, the goals of behavioral health interventions are to eradicate mental health through medication and/or therapy to return the individual back to sanity and healthy behavior (Boober, 2011). Physical health and behavioralRead MoreAn analysis of the main reasons for the continued spread of HIV2561 Words   |  11 Pagesultimately results in death (WHO, 2013). Till the end of 2012, 35.3 millions of people live with HIV (WHO, 2013) and large quantities of family members suffer from the pain. Yet such a lethal disease only has three simple transmissions, through unprotected sex, blood, and maternal-neonatal pregnancy. However, the high mortality rate suggests that there is an urgent need to investigate deeper causes of HIV dissemination. In the following paragraphs, the continued spreading rate will be analyzed through threeRead More Essay on Affirmative Action is Discrimination in a New Form1775 Words   |  8 Pageswrote Rocky Mountain Hire. In this article he tells about a new hiring strategy used at the Denver news paper Rocky Mountain News. A memo was sent out stating, The job reviews of supervisors and others involved in hiring should address race and sex. Each review should have a hiring goal of at least half of our hires being women and at least half non-white (Shiflett 45). Lets put this strategy to work. We have ten positions to fill, these positions can be filled following the above guidelines

Social Learning And Teaching Play Essay - 1382 Words

There is a part in the handbook, learning and teaching play. Play involves the holistic child, from the physical, psychological, intellectual, social, and emotional. Either by working independently or group work. Play is now a big part of the curriculum as doesn’t just help with the teaching side, but it also gives the children a way to relax and be themselves, and to express their feelings or what is going on in their life through play. (http://ccea.org.uk accessed on 29th November 2016) Tina Bruce would also be a big influence on play, creativity. She is a ‘social learning theorist’. Tina identified ten principles of early childhood education. Some of these principles where, that a child needs to be a child. Focus on what children can do - taking that as the starting point and lastly the essential interaction between child, context, and curriculum context if education is to be successful. (How children learn 3, L. Pound, pg.12-13) Tina Bruce correlates with some of Vygotsky’s theory, with the Zone of Proximal Development. The ZPD is the distance between and student’s ability to perform tasks under guidance from teachers or teaching assistants and being able to solve problems independently. This was seen in the observation when child A was ‘taking’ child B’s sand. However, when child B confronted child A he panicked and walked away from the sand table. The point that Tina Bruce made about focusing on what children can do and make that the starting point. Is likeShow MoreRelated Role-Play: A Strategy for Teaching Social Studies Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesRole-Play: A Strategy for Teaching Social Studies One of the reasons social studies is viewed as a tough academic discipline is the result of force-fed historical dates and data. It is also one of the reasons that students think history is boring and irrelevant. Furthermore, their inability to relate to the culture and people of the past creates a what-does-this-have-to-do-with-me attitude early on in their education that directly influence their future performance. The misconception thatRead MoreEffects Of Lack Of Resource Materials For Students1671 Words   |  7 Pagesresource materials Resource materials like charts, poster, white board, blocks, cards, clay, crayons, chalks etc. play a significant role in the learning process of students. If resource materials are used wisely they make remarkable enhancement of lesson impact. Availability of a wide variety of instructional resources can stimulate the interest and actively engage learners in the learning of mathematics (Herward, 2009). It also enhances the effectiveness of schools as these are basic things that canRead MoreMy Personal Definition For School Curriculum Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagescurriculum document; teachers plan their teaching basing on the programs; eventually, students experience the curriculum by engaging in diverse teaching activities. In this essay, I will be discussing The Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) in relation to the strategic plan and teaching philosophy of Hampton Park East Kindergarten. EYLF for Australia guides Early Childhood Education in Australia today. The aim of this framework is to support children’s learning and development from birth to eightRead MoreVygotsky s Socio Cultural Theory867 Words   |  4 PagesThe Early Years Learning Framework describes play as a â€Å"context for learning† in which children make sense of their world (DEEWR, 2009, p.9). Play is essential for learning and development as it provides opportunities for children to express themselves creatively, construct new understandings, and develop relationships (Undiyaundeye, 2013). Play supports the student’s developmental domains such as; social, language, and creativity, cognitive, emotional and physical development. The National QualityRead MoreSocial Constructism Is Best For Teaching Mathematics870 Words   |  4 Pagessuggests that Social Constructism is best suited for teaching Mathematics in the Early years setting. Social Constructism is a learning perspectiv e based around building on a child’s existing knowledge and prior experiences. Social Constructivists believe that by scaffolding a child’s learning in a way that each child will ‘construct’ their own understanding of each mathematical concept will give each child a sense of ownership and therefore develop a better relationship with the learning process. SocialRead More Teaching Children with Autism Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching Children with Autism There has been an increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It is likely as an educator that you will have at least one child with this diagnosis in your classroom. This paper explores some of the methods used to teach autistic children. Autism is a disorder characterized by significant problems in communication and social functioning. Autism is actually called Autism Spectrum Disorder and encompasses a broad rangeRead MoreCritical Understanding Of Teaching Philosophy Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesIn our centre self-review report on play pedagogy in relation to Lion Kindergarten’s teaching philosophy statement we will be underpinning the theoretical ideas around play and what play is and showing a critical understanding of play and playfulness. We will be identifying play in relation to children’s learning and development, and teaching within New Zealand early childhood settings. We will then be identifying and critically discussing two aspects of play that are particularly important to theRead MoreEDU10003 The World Of Maths Assessment 2 ESSAY SM1577 Words   |  7 PagesMathematical understanding influences all areas of life from social to private and civil. Therefore maths education is widely beli eved to be the single most important aspect to establishing opportunities for young people; unfortunately, many struggle with mathematics and become indifferent as they continue to encounter obstacles with regard to engagement (Anthony Walshaw, 2009). Knowing a person’s ability to learn is greatly impacted by teaching beliefs and practices, it is imperative that educatorsRead MoreImportant Aspects Of Teaching And Coaching1325 Words   |  6 PagesAspects of Teaching and Coaching When a sports highlight of a great play showcasing teamwork is watched on a highlight reel, what is the immediate reaction, that play was amazing. Great teams make great plays and often those successful plays transpire to playing field or court due to many hours of practice, handwork, repetition and dedication. Those plays didn’t just miraculously happen. Someone had to draw the game plan up and then figure out the most innovative way instill that play and game planRead MoreOral Language Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthing, something you can see, e.g. social media, written, spoken, audio, text etc. Language as a social process is different than being an object. It is how individuals and groups interact, adjust/readjust the relationships and patterns of behaviour and how they are modified through social interactions, it is how we speak, formal vs informal, language in social context etc. Social process is dynamic forever changing. Although language as an object and as a socia l process are different, language can

Romeo And Juliet With West Side Story Essay Example For Students

Romeo And Juliet With West Side Story Essay Story are two very similar movies. Though they are alike in many ways, they arealso very different as well. The two movies mirror each other all the way untilthe fight in West Side Story and until Mercutio dies in Romeo and Juliet. WhenTony dies in West Side Story and Maria, acting as a Juliet, the majordifferences start to show. In Romeo and Juliet, the two lovers both die, in WestSide Story, Maria lives. Instead of fighting between families, as the Montaguesand the Capulets, West Side Story brings out the gang activity, Sharks vs. Jets. Some of the characters in West Side Story are the same personality-type as theones in Romeo and Juliet. These characters: Maria as a Juliet, Tony as Romeo,Bernardo as Tybalt, Anita as the Nurse, etc., have the same attitudes. These areonly a few of the similarities. The opening scenes in both movies are similaralso. In West Side Story the Sharks harass a man, as the members of his gangshow up to his side. They dont exchange words; they just start singing anddancing. This is when the cops come to break up the two gangs, just like Esclas(?)did in Romeo and Juliet. There is another time when Riff talks Tony intoattending the dance at the gym as Benvolio talks Romeo into attending the ball. At the dance, there appears a young girl, Maria, just as in Romeo and Juliet,the exact ideal when Juliet appears. When Anita is telling Maria that shecant possibly be in love with Tony; for he is an American, and Lady Capuletand the Nurse speak to Juliet about the differences between the two families. Both girls know that their love is chancing, they still are strong-willed inkeeping it. Both girls are also there to marry people they are not in love with. And again, their Ladies tell them that they should just marry who they are toldto marry. In West Side Story, Tony and Maria first meet at the dance just as inRomeo and Juliet, where they both first meet at the ball. It is like love atfirst sight in both stories. The balcony scene in Romeo and Juliet also reflectsthe fire escape scene in West Side Story. Both men speak to the girls as a partof the sky, the sun, moon, etc. Anita finds out about the love between Tony andMaria, as the Nurse with Romeo and Juliet, yet both are supportive. The gangactivity in West Side Story doesnt come that close with the gang activity oftoday. Today, gangs are a lot more violent, there is a harsher way to prove yourloyalty whereas today, like having to kill someone or cut off their fingers,etc. In West Side Story, to be in gangs you must just prove your loyalty throughyour honesty. In gangs today, they surely dont sing and dance around. Thenames that the gangs have in West Side Story are not harsh names, either. Today,they are ugly names with harsh meanings. The only similar things with the gangstoday and in West Side Story that I have seen is that they stick together, pushtheir publicity, and have certain things about them that they all do together. One example, being the color, number, race, name, etc., that todays gangs useto distinguish themselves with also is used in West Side Story. Roxanne andCyrano de Bergerac also have similar qualities to them. First, the names ofRoxanne and C. D Bales, maybe standing for Cyrano de Bergerac and of course bothgirls are named Roxanne. In both movies, the whole town loves a man, but the manfears that he could never have the love of a woman because he has such a bignose. Both movies strike a universal note because maybe that we all have sometype of thing or way about us that we secretly fear people may ridicule. InCyrano de Bergerac, Cyrano falls in love with Roxanne, as does Christian. Thisreflects Bales falling in love with, again, Roxanne just like Chris. In Roxanne,she falls in love with Chris first because of the outer features, but hedoesnt know how to talk to woman. C.D Bales is good with woman and gentlewith them, just like in Cyrano, how Roxanne is in love with Christians faceand C yranos words. There is also a

The Representation Of Women In Fifteenth Century free essay sample

P Essay, Research Paper The Representation of Women in Fifteenth Century Italian Portraiture The Italian Renaissance was a clip of metempsychosis, a burgeoning ofinterest in the classical humanistic disciplines and scientific disciplines. Portrayal as a genrewas on the addition, fuelled by a turning self-contemplation throughwhich adult male was going aware of the innate features that madehim an person. Burckhardt, in _The Civilisation of RenaissanceItaly_ , devotes a chapter to following the representation ofindividual personalities in Renaissance literature. On reading hispremise that, # 8216 ; the development of personality is essentiallyinvolved in the acknowledgment of it in oneself and in others. # 8217 ; ( Burckhardt,1878 ) , it can be seen that this statement is of primeimportance when discoursing portrayal of the same period. Oncecapturing a personality and non merely a similitude became desirable, achange started in the manner portrayal was seen. It takes clip before the desire to portray charac ter overcomesthe convention of picturing adult females in a profile format, like AlessoBaldovinetto # 8217 ; s _Portrait of a Lady in Yellow_ of c. We will write a custom essay sample on The Representation Of Women In Fifteenth Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1465. Profileportraits were an recognized pattern that continued to be popularduring the full 15th century. The 15th century was usedto seeing profile portrayals in the donor pictures of theirchurches, a format that no uncertainty helped to separate givers fromreligious figures, as can be seen in Masaccio # 8217 ; s _The Trinity withthe Virgin and St. John_ . Although there was no forbidden oncontemporary figures sharing the same infinite as spiritual figures, there were obvious differentiations made between, normally in footings ofscale and costume. This leads us to a possible ground why theprofile portrayal remained in usage in Italy when the remainder of Europewas already more normally using a three-quarter face format forportraits. It is possible that during the early portion of thefifteenth century there was a contamination of profanity around theportrayal of secular figures in a mode normally reserved forreligious figures. The profile portrayal besides retained its popularity in Italy due to the influence of Roman coins. Portrait decorations, basedon Roman mintage, were produced in 15th century Italy and weremade for presentation and for memorialization. In the Baldovinettoportrait we can see the farness and self-respect that such a formatbestows on the portraiture of the Sitter. Her silhoutte becomes afluid line, defined against the level background, and along with herdistant regard, promotes her farness from the spectator. The dignitythat is acquired comes at the disbursal of individualism. The adult female inthis portrayal becomes every bit symbolic as the motive of thenar leaves onher sleeve. In male portrayal this decrease of the humanphysiognomy to emblem reinforces the portraiture of position. In GentileBellini # 8217 ; s picture of Doge Giovanni Mocenigo, what remains is theimpression of a powerful adult male, the maintainer of an of import officecloaked in the attire of his rank. However, in the _Portrait of a Ladyin Yellow_ , the Sitter # 821 7 ; s position is generic, conforming tocontemporary conventions of beauty applicable to all women.Boccaccio, a 14th century poet, describes in the _Tesidea_ theappearance of a beautiful adult female, utilizing conventions that were toremain in topographic point throughout the 15th century ; # 8216 ; I say that her braids seemed as gold # 8230 ; and combed so that non a individual knot was in them, and they fell on the support of her reflecting white shoulders # 8230 ; Her forehead was ample and broad, and white and degree and really delicate, beneath which in a distortion arch ending about in a half circle were two superciliums # 8230 ; Beneath these were two reflecting eyes # 8230 ; They were serious and long and good seated, and brown as others neer were # 8217 ; ( Boccaccio, _Tesidea_ , quoted by Dempsey ) Sing this quotation mark, can we be certain that Baldovinetti # 8217 ; s sitterhad hair every bit aureate as her frock, that her eyes were the shade ofbrown we see in t he image, whether so her eyes were brown atall? To what extent did modern-day ideals of beauty becomeoverlaid onto the similitudes of adult females? It is impossible to state, butthe manner this unknown Sitter corresponds to Fifteenth Century idealsof beauty must give cause to doubt the truth of herrepresentation. With no flicker of her single character, and withdoubts at the veracity of her portraiture, she is left deaf-and-dumb person, a symbolof the wealth and good character of the household whose emblem shedisplays so dominantly on her arm. By the terminal of the 15th century, the portraiture of adult females in portrayal was going markedly different. The profile conventionwas bit by bit overcome by three-quarter six electronic warfares, falling into linewith the manner work forces had more normally been represented from the middlehalf of the century. In _Portrait of a Girl_ , a picture from theworkshop of Domenico Ghirlandaio the format gives the Sitter morepresence, and the creative person more range for researching facialcharacteristics. She does, nevertheless, still conform to the ideals ofbeauty and demeanor of her age. Her inactive airs and averted gazecause her to be an object to be gazed on merely every bit much as the figurein Baldovinetti’s _Portrait of a Lady in Yellow_ . The alteration comeswith Leonardo Da Vinci, and can be seen in his _The Lady with theErmine_ , a portrayal of Cecilia Gallerani, kept woman of LudovicoSforza. With her caput and organic structure turned at different angles, aposition that is impossible to keep for any length of clip, the posebecomes mobile. The spectator is cognizant of the formidable possibility ofher gaze going to run into their ain. This flu id pose gives anincreased sense of activity that had antecedently been omitted fromfemale portrayal. Da Vinci believed that a portrayal should show’the gestures of the head, ’ ( Da Vinci ; quoted by Henessy, p101 ) andwe can see this in the elusive word picture of her face whichgives her an watchfulness akin to that of the ermine she holds. Atfirst glimpse it would look that this image of Cecilia Gallerani hasa greater liberty than that of the adult females we have antecedently lookedat. She surely has a greater presence, but Da Vinci remains intight control of the portraiture, and the sum of individualisationhe gives to the picture is in order to convey his position of hissitter. The Sitter is non in control of the manner she is represented, and Da Vinci has used his ain opinion to shown us a ‘beautifulweasel’ ( Calder, 1970 p111 ) . Cecilia Gallerani must hold been awareof this, and the ground she disliked the picture. The artist hasbecome a observer on human character, and the facets that heemphasises are non pleasant. Cecilia’s similitude has been used as avehicle for the show of Da Vinci’s insight into the mind, toshow the grade of perceptual experience that a picture could accomplish. In thesame manner, subsequently creative persons like Titian would utilize the similitude ofbeautiful adult females as a vehicle to demo the beauty of the art ofpainting ( see Cropper, 1986 p175-190 ) . The feeling left after analyzing female portrayal of thefifteenth century, is one of Sitters with small or no control overthe manner they are represented. Their inactive airss become a base overwhich male impressions of reputability and beauty can be laid. At firsta motive for the wealth and good standing of household, her image islater subsumed into a wider discourse on the nature of paintingitself. It is non until the 16th century, with female artistslike Anguissola Sofonisba, that adult females begin to come in this discourse, and in so making, specify their ain criterions in the genre of femaleportraiture. List of Paintings Baldovinetti, Alesso, _Portrait of a Lady in Yellow_ , c.1465.Wood, painted surface 62.9 x 40.6 cm.London: National Gallery Masachio, _The Trinity with the Virgin and St. John_ , 1425FrescoFlorence: S. Maria Novella Bellini, Gentile, _Doge Giovanni Mocenigo_ , c.1478.Panel, 63 ten 47 cm.Venice: Museo Correr Workshop of Domenico Ghirlandaio, _Portrait of a Girl_ , 1490Wood, 44.1 ten 29.2 cm London: National Gallery Da Vinci, Leonardo_The Lady with the Ermine_ c.148355 x 44.4 centimeter Bibliography Burckhardt, J. ( 1878 ) , _The Civilization of the Renaissance inItaly_ , translated by S. G. C. Middlemore, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html Calder, R. ( 1970 ) , _Leonardo and the Age of the Eye_ , London and Melbourn: Richard Heinemann Ltd Chadwick, W. ( 1992 ) , _Women, Art and Society_ , London: Thames and Hudson Cropper, E. ( 1987 ) ‘The Beauty of Wom en: Problems in the Rhetoric ofRenaissance Portraiture, ’ in M. Ferguson, M. Quilligan and N.Vickers, eds. _Rewriting the Renascence: The Discourses of Sexual Differencein Early Modern Europe_ , Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press Dempsey, C. ( 1992 ) _The Portrayal of Love: Botticelli’s Primaveraand Humanist Culture at the clip of Lorenzo de’ Medici_Princeton: Princeton University Press Dunkerton, J. Foister, S. Gordon, D. and Penny, N. ( 1991 ) , _Giotto to Durer: Early Renaissance Painting in the NationalGallery_ , New Haven and London: Yale University Press Henessy, J. P. ( 1966 ) , _The Portrait in the Renaissance_ , Princeton: Princeton University Press Humfrey, P. ( 1995 ) , _Painting in Renaissance Venice_ , New Haven and London: Yale University Press Kelly, J. ( 1984 ) ‘Did Womans Have a Renaissance? ’ in _Women, Historyand Theory_ , Chicago: Chicago University Press 36c

A Critique on Drug Testing in Employment by Joseph Desjardins and Ronald Duska Essays

A Critique on Drug Testing in Employment by Joseph Desjardins and Ronald Duska Essays A Critique on Drug Testing in Employment by Joseph Desjardins and Ronald Duska Paper A Critique on Drug Testing in Employment by Joseph Desjardins and Ronald Duska Paper In relation to this, the authors present situations wherein it is allowable to request an employee to submit to drug testing but again it may not be required of the employee. Also prohibited are the use of coercive measures to make the employee submit to drug testing such as the threat of losing employment or even certain employment benefits. It must be pointed out that while the authors do take a stand for the protection of the privacy of employees, the arguments that have been presented must be rejected for lack of sufficient basis and alternatives for the following reasons. First of all, no right, even those granted by the constitution, is absolute. Every right that a person is granted is always subject to certain limitations and restrictions. In the same way that a person’s right to privacy may be invaded on the strength of a search warrant. The setting of being in a workplace is not so much different that it is capable of being given a different treatment. In fact, more restrictions on the right to privacy can even be imposed because of the setting. It must be remembered that in the sphere of human rights, there is a correlation between the rights of one individual and that of another. One is only free to act within the bounds of his privacy or rights as long as such acts do not unduly or excessively interfere with the rights of other people. As the authors would argue, drug testing can be implemented but the participation by the employees must be voluntary. This view cannot be sustained in line with the argument that no right is absolute. The reason behind this is that there is a greater concern behind all of this and this is public safety. While it may be a restraint on one’s privacy, it is for a greater cause; a cause that everyone in the country has submitted to and vowed to uphold. The second and perhaps more compelling reason why drug testing should not be made voluntary is the fact that it does not technically violate the constitutional right to privacy. The authors extend the coverage of the right to privacy to drug testing. In a long line of cases decided upon by the United States Supreme Court, it has been consistently held that physical testing of an individual can be compelled. There is no violation of the right to privacy in this case unless the test was carried out without due process. In this case, requiring an employee who is suspected of taking harmful drugs or those that can affect work performance can be required without worry of violating the employee’s right to privacy. While the arguments presented by the authors are not clearly substantiated in the article, the must, however, still be lauded for their efforts in trying to uphold the individual’s right to privacy. Drug testing can be used as a means of harassing employees or even as a way of firing those employees who are unsatisfactory without going through the entire legal process of giving notice. No legal system, no business model is perfect. There will always be a struggle between rights of employees and that of the employers. The solution may or may not be far away but one thing remains clear. Until and unless a certain compromise can be made to thus balance these corresponding rights there will be more controversy surrounding this issue. The employee is already well protected under the Labor Laws of this land and his effort is greatly appreciated yet one must also consider that without the employer or capital most of these employees would not have any jobs at all.

41 Words That Are Better Than Good

41 Words That Are Better Than Good 41 Words That Are Better Than Good 41 Words That Are Better Than Good By Michael The soul of writing is specificity, yet all too often, we lean on general-purpose words instead of choosing the most precise ones. Most of our daily communication probably depends on less than 1,000 words. Of course, that includes words such as you, I, is, are, of, and for, which are already the best words for the job. I admit that sometimes in conversation, I deliberately limit my vocabulary because I dont want others to look at me quizzically: Who does he think he is, anyway: one of the authors of a writing tips blog? The result is vague, even boring, conversation, using words so general, they could fit almost everything in the world. How was your trip? Fine. How do you feel? Good. Choosing other words is no improvement, if we always choose the same words. A world where everything is cool or awesome is not much more interesting than a world where everything is fine or good. So lets buck the trend. Here are 41 alternatives to good that cant be used to describe everything in the world because they each have specific meanings, or at least, different connotations. breathtaking amazing, surprising, astonishing, enough to make you gasp with pleasure, and almost enough to make you forget to breathe. choice preferred, prized, specially selected. In New Zealand, the exclamation Choice! is used similarly to Great! in the United States. dazzling amazing, splendid, brilliant, shining so bright that its hard to see it. delectable highly delicious, usually describing food, from the Latin for delight. delightful causing joy, delight or pleasure, producing positive emotion, with the same Latin root as delectable. deluxe high quality, related to luxury, from the Latin for excess. enjoyable pleasant, bringing pleasure and satisfaction bringing joy. excellent superior, best in its class, of the highest quality, making a person shout Excelsior! exceptional uncommon, rare, and better for being so. exemplary an example of high quality, a model for others. fine delicate, exquisite, almost as good as it gets. Related to the French and Latin words for finished and exact. Overused until often it merely means acceptable. exquisite exceptionally fine or rare, with the sense of extreme favorable helpful, encouraging, positive, convenient, such as getting hoped-for results. first-rate exceptionally good, in the highest class. Describing a British naval vessel with more than 100 guns. first-string the starting players on a sports team; that is, the best of them. Many other expressions begin with the word first. five-star from the hotel rating system in which a five-star hotel is among the worlds best. formidable causing awe, respect, wonder or even fear, perhaps because its so large or strong. gilt-edged high quality, from the practice of putting a thin layer of gold on the edges of a book. gratifying pleasing, satisfying, making someone content. incredible amazing, beyond belief, almost too good to be true. luxurious fine or comfortable, such as an expensive hotel room. I use it to show gratitude for a gift that is too fancy for my tastes. magnificent splendid, elegant, noble. From the Latin word for great deeds. opulent showy, extravagant, magnificent, sumptuous more than luxurious, with the sense of more than you really need pleasing giving cheer, pleasure, or enjoyment something that pleases you positive certain, good, favorable. Currently used in expressions such as positive energy or positive vibes. precious beloved, valuable, worthy, of high price. Precious writing is euphuistic: overly cute and takes itself too seriously. prime first, as in first quality. rare uncommon, scarce, and therefore valuable. The gravestone of an influential English playwright is inscribed with the (misspelled) tribute O rare Ben Johnson. satisfying sufficient, pleasing, more than adequate. select privileged, specially chosen, high-quality. shipshape well-organized, fully prepared, meticulous, tidy. Before you embark on an ocean voyage, you want your ship to be in shape. sound healthy, solid, secure, complete. If a floor is sound, you wont fall through. sterling of high, verifiable value, as in sterling silver, which is 92.5% pure silver. Originally referring to British coins, which had a star or a starling on them in the Middle Ages. striking impressive, memorable, calling to mind the striking of a coin. sumptuous costly, expensive, as in a meal with many courses of great variety. Weve got a whole article about sumptuous. top-notch belonging to the highest level, possibly from some 19th century game that used notches to keep score. subtle clever and crafty, though thats an older meaning. A subtle flavor is not overbearing, and the chef will be pleased if you tell him so. up to snuff meeting the standard, adequate, sharp. Snuff is a more expensive powdered tobacco, which was sniffed by higher-class gentlemen as a stimulant in the 19th century. valuable worthy of esteem, having high worth or value. welcome anticipated, a pleasure to see, received with gladness, as in welcome news. From the Old English for â€Å"a wished-for guest. well-made built right, properly constructed, sound. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeOne Sheep, Two Sheep, One Fish, Two Fish . . .48 Writing Prompts for Middle School Kids

Windows Server 2012 Proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Windows Server 2012 - Research Proposal Example The two varieties, a developer preview and a better version, were actually unconfined by the time of expansion. This particular software was generally obtainable to customers from September 4, 2012. Dissimilar its to its forerunner, this type of server has got no delivery for itunium-based PCs and also has four types. As an IT consultant, this paper describes the how i will supply WAI with a solution which describes the implementation and configuration of their core IT services within this company. New features in Windows Server 2012 In Windows Server 2012, there are a lot of new features that has that any other person can take advantage of when installing windows operatig system. As an administrator of WAI, it will be of great advantage for both the two stations in Los Angeles and New York. First, the most thrilling feature is the Active Directory Domain (AD DS) that makes it very simple for an IT administrator to position domain controllers, very supple and calmer to audit and auth orize access to the files with Dynamic Access Control, and also informal to tasks directorially at scale maybe nearby or even distantly, through reliable graphical and scripted organization knowledge. The second feature that will actually help me in using Windows Server 2012 in installing IT services at WAI that they will take advantage of is the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) that will help in lowering the administration burden as well as complexity of the configuring host on a TCP/IP- based net, such as private network in an organization such as WAI. There is also another good feature that will interest me in installing Windows Server 2012 at WAI, the Deployment Service that will actually help to deploy windows operating system. It can be uset to configure fresh computers through the use of network-based installation. Again, the last feature may be the file ans well as the storage services. This provides a good number of new scalabilty, managements as well as functiona lity improvements in this type of Windows Server. Otherwise the new features here will make WAI a successful organization in realizing its objectives. Deployment and Server Editions In this case,server groups of two can be created and managed through the user experience. Aserver group con taining all the machines working on IIS, for instance, a group of all database servers, and giving out information on any of them. This is a big benefit for organizations like WAI, without really dedicated monitoring software in place. Using standard or datacenter really epends on whether you want to run up to two computer-generated machineries as guest or if you would favor limitless guest virtualization. As for the cas of WAI, i would prefer the Datacenter since it is highly virtualized, has unlimited virtual instances rights even though it is very expensive compared to standard. The stress for windows has altered to a GUI that is elective. By the time you install the operating system, you are as ked to choose between a full installation and a core installation. You should opt for a core installation because you will be able to flip on a GUI easily through installing the role of GUI. Active Directory There is a big possibility of having one domain for these two differet sites, that is New Yorka and Los Angeles. This is becauses Windows Domain brings out a security boundary while the Active Boudary clearly brings a location as well as the boundary of speed. In this case, i will need to have a DC at Los Angeles nad New York, the same make and model of router/firewall combination at each site, there will be need for static IPs at every site and then enable site-to-site VPNs with the IPSec as well as Perfect Forward

How to increase cardiovascular health in the US population with Essay

How to increase cardiovascular health in the US population with diabetes - Essay Example Participation in physical activities among the girls also diminishes greatly as they grow up. This affects them significantly and makes them to be prone to diabetes. According to the American Heart Association, people who are prone to cardiovascular diseases range above 50 years. Many a time and often, cardiovascular diseases have been associated with men. However, women also suffer from heart diseases almost 10 years later. 25% of most old people who suffer from the cardiovascular diseases have little physical activities. 40% of women have excess cholesterol that lead to heart congestion thus strained blood flow. The adolescent especially those who spend a lot of time on TV consume more calories and they eat food rich in fats, they drink more sodas, and take a lot of juice. Some researchers have established that eating while watching increases satiety of eating, which make one to overeat thus increase of weight. Due to the curiosity of the advertisements, adolescent often take the s ugary food on adverts. People who spend a lot of time in office work, which does not involve a lot of physical work also run the risk of gaining more weight than necessary. People who do manual labor are less likely to develop cardiovascular diseases due to their physical engagements that automatically lead to the burning of too much calories. The obese people are also involved in this study. Obese people are likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases. They thus need immediate attention for them to be safe from the dreadful complications. Seeking to know the means of transport each category of the research participants uses can help in determining whether their bodies get some form of exercise; for example, those who ride on bicycles most of the time a less likely to suffer from cardiovascular complications than those who depend on vehicles. Finding out the hours one spend in watching TV helps the group to determine the major cause of

McWane, Inc. Essay Example for Free

McWane, Inc. Essay McWane, Inc. is a privately held company based in Birmingham, Ala., which owns plants across the country and Canada and who is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of cast iron sewer and water pipe (McWane Mess). From 1995-2003, McWane plants, in the U.S., had 4,600 worker injuries (CBC News). The company was also cited for more than 400 safety violations and 450 environmental violations during that same period (Barstow, Foundry). Tyler Pipe, one of McWane’s plants, was described by one its workers. He said it was â€Å"a dim, dirty, hellishly hot place where men are regularly disfigured by amputations and burns, where turnover is so high that convicts are recruited from local prisons, where some workers urinate in their pants because their bosses refuse to let them step away from the manufacturing line for even a few moments† (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). A federal investigation began in January 2003, which was the same month The New York Times published a series of articles that described McWane as one of the nations most persistent violators of workplace safety and environmental laws (Barstow, Foundry). CAUSES Root organizational causes and regulatory weakness factors contributed to the McWane scandal. The structure at McWane contributed to the scandal because it was one of the root organizational causes. McWane Inc. is a privately held organization where the family and a few close individuals run it. The family is described as secluded and very private (Barstow and Bergman, Family’s). Executives and family members repeatedly decline interview requests and rarely talk to the media (Barstow and Bergman, Family’s). In 2007, of McWane’s twenty-five divisions, only two included McWane in the name (Wisniewski). Even though McWane’s divisions were places where the desperate seek work (Barstow and Bergman, Texas), society did not hold the right people accountable. Many individuals do not know McWane is connected because the plant names rarely reflect their owner. Without interviews, the fact that it is a private company, and that it keeps its name off new divisions, McWane lacks transparency to help keep it accountable. The seclusion and privacy of the family makes it seem as though they stay out of the public eye for a reason. McWane’s organizational culture was also a root cause that contributed to the scandal. One phrase was posted throughout the plants and was posted in large orange print: REDUCE MAN HOURS PER TON (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). This phrase created a culture that drove all aspects of the McWane companies. McWane was not the best place to work. In fact, there were times when turnover was 100 percent at one plant (The McWane Mess). High turnover is one measure of the culture at McWane and it shows how employees fit into that culture. The high turnover was disturbing and not normal for the industry. Acipco, a direct industry competitor, had a yearly turnover of around half a percent (Barstow and Bergman, Family’s). The organizational culture that focused on one key phrase continued into work shifts. There were two 12-hour shifts instead of the normal three shifts of eight hours. At the end of a shift, supervisors often called for four more hours of work. Therefore, employees worked 16-hour days, sometimes seven days a week (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). Leadership was also a root organizational cause. McWane never developed a system to hold supervisors accountable for safety; however, their system for holding supervisors accountable for production downtime (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). Federal rules require conveyor belts be shut off for maintenance. They also require that all belts have safety guards. The rules are important because they help prevent workers from being caught and crushed. In one instance, inspectors discovered that a belt violated both of those rules (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). This negligence contributed to one of the nine deaths that occurred at McWane divisions from 1995-2003 (Barstow and Bergman, Deaths). Leaders in the company gave orders that were in clear violation of laws. Another example of leadership was what to do with 200 old tires. It would have cost about $750 to have them brought to a waste dump. However, documents show that a plant manager ordered the tires be burned, even though he had been notified burning tires violated air-quality laws (Barstow and Bergman, Texas). The managers like the one above were partially victim to those higher up. The leadership style at McWane was clearly a top down approach. One plant manager stated, â€Å"I was like a robot. All that mattered was getting machines moving again after an accident† (The McWane Mess). One risk manager says that a top down approach creates a disconnection between plant managers and executives. He also explains that this disconnection increases in privately held companies due to a lack of accountability (The McWane Mess). OSHA’s regulatory and oversight weakness contributed to the McWane scandal. At the time, the laws in place were not severe enough detour McWane from committing them. At the time of the scandal, the crime, of willfully violating safety rules that cause the death of a worker, was a misdemeanor. That crime was a less serious than harassing a wild burro on federal lands, which was punishable by up to one year in prison (Barstow and Bergman, Deaths). The fines McWane had to pay for violations were lower than the cost of having the machines down due to implementing and following safety regulations. A McWane executive confessed that Tyler Pipe had willfully ignored workplace safety laws, a crime that caused the death of a worker. The company only paid a $250,000 fine (The McWane Mess). OSHA let off McWane through payments and it did not do more to ensure the safety of workers in McWane plants. Weak labor union oversight also played a role in contributing to the scandal. The labor unions that represented McWane workers were usually small and overwhelmed with cases. The unions had no bargaining power because they were small, so they could not effectively protect their workers from low wages, hours per shift, or dangerous environments. A United Steelworkers union official attempted to tour Tyler Pipe with a safety and health specialist but had been rejected twice (The McWane Mess). CONSEQUENCES McWane scandal had widespread consequences. Those consequences affected the company as well as the environment and manager at the plants. The scandal produced financial woes and a tainted reputation for McWane. McWane was ordered to pay $19 million in fines and restitution in 2006 (Barstow, Foundry). In addition, McWane was ordered to pay $8 million in fines for dozens of workplace safety and environmental crimes in 2009 (Barstow, Iron Pipe). The fines that McWane had to pay were substantially more than any other fines it had previously received. The McWane scandal also greatly affected the environment. As stated before, McWane had over 450 environmental violations (Barstow, Foundry). One of those incidents, the burnt tires, caused toxins to be released directly into the air. Another incident that McWane was charged with was illegally dumping oil into the Atlantic Ocean. McWane had dumped so much oil that it created an 8.5-mile-long slick (Barstow and Bergman, Family’s). Lastly, the McWane scandal affected the lives of those managers who were charged criminally. Four McWane plant managers were convicted or pled guilty to committing environmental crimes (United States v. Atlantic). These people took risks that ended in tarnished reputations, criminal records, jail time, and hefty fines. PREVENTION Prevention is key so that scandals, like McWane, do not happen again. One preventative step is that the government has set stronger penalties for companies who repeatedly violate safety and environmental laws. The government has also set out better guidelines to prosecute repeat offenders (Barstow, Guilty Verdicts). Another preventative measure is that OSHA is looking to increase its criminal enforcement arm. In four years, OSHA only sent 21 percent of eligible cases to the Department of Justice, and the DOJ acted on 4 percent (McGarity et al). If OSHA can increase its force, it can ensure the safety of more workers. The increased force would be a deterrent for companies, because the chances of it being charged would increase. One last way to prevent other scandal is to have the White House and Congress step up (McGarity et al). If these two groups could work together and provide OSHA with a larger budget, OSHA could then improve everything that they do. It all comes down to the fact that OSHA is there for the people, but with a small budget, they cannot do the best job possible. Works Cited Barstow, David, and Lowell Bergman. At a Texas Foundry, an Indifference to Life. The New York Times 8 Jan. 2003. Print. Barstow, David, and Lowell Bergman. Deaths on the Job, Slaps on the Wrist. The New York Times 10 Jan. 2003. Print. Barstow, David, and Lowell Bergman. Familys Profits, Wrung From Blood and Sweat. The New York Times 9 Jan. 2003. Print. Barstow, David. Foundry Pleads Guilty to Environmental Crimes. The New York Times 23 Mar. 2005. Print. Barstow, David. â€Å"Guilty Verdicts in New Jersey Worker-Safety Trial.† The New York Times 27 April 2006. Print. Barstow, David. Iron Pipe Maker Is Fined $8 Million for Violations. The New York Times 25 Apr. 2009. Print. CBC News: The Fifth Estate A Toxic Company The Canadian Connection. CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 8 Jan. 2003. Web. McGarity, Thomas, Rena Steinzor, Sidney Shapiro, and Matthew Shudtz. Workers at Risk: Regulatory Dysfunction at OSHA. The Center for Progressive Reform. Feb. 2010. Web. The McWane Mess. ISHN Magazine. BNP Media, 11 Feb. 2010. Web. United States v. Atlantic States Cast Iron Pipe Company Et Al. Fact Sheet. EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, 9 June 2011. Web. Wisniewski, Barbara J. The McWane Story. McWane, 2012. Print.

Use of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory to Evaluate Post Tra

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) frequently headlines newspapers and newscasts across America. Veterans fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan return to a life they left but inside they are tormented with flashbacks, nightmares, anxiety, anger, and depression. Many people suffer from PTSD after experiencing traumatic events in his or her life. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) is chosen for the basis of this assignment to evaluate someone who exhibits symptoms of PTSD. Sometimes the symptoms of PTSD are exaggerated or faked. The basic characteristics and the purpose of this tool will be discussed as well as how the tool is used. An analysis of the MMPI-2 will reveal the relationship between MMPI-2 and a major theory of personality. After identifying the psychometric properties for PTSD populations, the question of the adequacy of MMPI-2 will be answered by reviewing literature. Last ethical considerations will be analyzed. Selection of instrument, characteristics, uses and purposes PTSD is a type of anxiety disorder resulting from experiencing a traumatic event in life. The person will relive or re-experience the event through flashbacks, nightmares and fear-evoking memories. Some report being hyperaware or constantly aroused, expecting the event to happen again. Soldiers comment on falling to the ground at a loud bang, constantly surveying the area around them, having an exaggerated startle response. Many do not talk about his or her experience; have sleep problems, anger issues, and trouble concentrating. Abuse of alcohol and drugs is common to try to deal with the anguish inside (PTSD Support Services, 2010). The MMPI-2 consists of 567 true and false questions taking 60 to 90 minutes to complete. A shor... ...ive for posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury. Psychological Assessment, 23(1), 203-214. doi:10.1037/a0021339 Garcia, H. A., Kelley, L. P., Rentz, T. O., & Lee, S. (2011). Pretreatment predictors of dropout from cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. Psychological Services, 8(1), 1-11. doi:10.1037/a0022705 Efendov, A. A., Sellbom, M., & Bagby, R. (2008). The utility and comparative incremental validity of the MMPI-2 and Trauma symptom Inventory validity scales in the detection of feigned PTSD. Psychological Assessment, 20(4), 317-326. doi:10.1037/a0013870 Tolin, D. F., Steenkamp, M. M., Marx, B. P., & Litz, B. T. (2010). Detecting symptom exaggeration in combat veterans using the MMPI–2 symptom validity scales: A mixed group validation. Psychological Assessment, 22(4), 729-736. doi:10.1037/a0020973

The green mile

The green mile BY ajW0215 The Green Mile In the year 1999, Director Frank Darabont released The Green Mile, written by Stephen King (Novel) and Frank Darabont (Screenplay). The main characters include Paul Edgecomb (Tom Hanks and Dabbs Greer), Brutus ‘Brutal' Howell (David Morse), Percy Wetmore (Doug Hutchison), and John Coffey (Michael Clarke Duncan). The movie starts out with the protagonist (Old Paul Edgecomb) recalling his memory of his time as a prison guard in the Great Depression (Green Mile).He recalls the year 1935 as he year his bladder infection was the worst it had ever been (Green Mile). He then talks of the first day that he had met John Coffey â€Å"Just like the drink only not spelled the same,† (Green Mile). He then proceeds to talk about the amazing things that started happening in and around Death Row Block â€Å"E† like his bladder infection getting cured, a mouse coming back to life, a cure for a tumor, and finally the â€Å"insanity† p unishment that one of the guards and a certain inmate so rightly deserved (Green Mile).Once he is done with his story, it is found that he is one undred and eight years old and still has many, many more years to go thanks to John Coffey, a very gifted man who was executed in 1935 for the rape and killing of two innocent little girls (Green Mile). He was found to be innocent during the story but only the viewer gets to know that part (Green Mile). The Story artfully ties nursing home life of an old prison guard to that of an inmate on death row. The Green Mile talks about segregation and â€Å"open and shut† cases. The movie also touches on the historic lack of delay before an execution, particularly in those involving an AfricanAmerican. In the nursing home, Paul is confined to the premises by walls and rules, both of which he habitually breaks. Rules he breaks by eating white bread every day while the â€Å"rules† dictate he should be eating healthy. He â€Å"breaksà ¢â‚¬  the walls by taking long walks every day, even though it is dictated that he needs to stay within the confines of the building. The staff is concerned, but tends to turn a blind eye. This is a direct contrast to his life as a guard on death row, where he was surrounded by alleged law breakers who were forced to stay within the confines of their cells until he day they were to die.It is allegorical in that he is also confined to this life until the day he is to die. Segregation was illustrated by how everyone took one look at John and declared him guilty Just because he was black and they could easily compare him to a dog gone rogue; they never stopped to listen to his side of the story. In this film, we can assume that if it had been a white man who was found at the scene of the murder, then they would have listened to whatever he had to say and he may have gotten a very different ruling.The illiteracy of blacks comes in when Paul is surprised to hear that John can spell his name, he then asks for John to spell his name and proceeds to interrupt him in the middle of the first name. When the townspeople find John with the two raped and dead girls, they immediately put him to trial and prosecute him. This went to show how officials werent doing a full police investigation if they could present enough evidence that someone could easily find their person guilty, not to mention that if nobody wanted to look at all of the evidence hey didn't nave to.The entire time period tor the memory in this tilm is only a tew weeks between John getting convicted and John getting executed; whereas in today's legal system in the United States, a minimum often years transpires before an execution can happen. Assuming the defendant is convicted in a state that still allows capital punishment; the defendant has many appeals before various or sometimes the same courts to determine if they truly are guilty, if a life sentence is better, or if the decision can be overturned.

Onion DNA Extraction Essay

DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) is found in every living organism. It provides the information and instructions to build and regulate cells in organisms. The information it contains is used when organisms are being reproduced. It is made up of two polynucleotide chains known as DNA strands. Within the two chains there are four nucleotide units: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. Materials and Methods An onion was cut into pieces and placed in a blender with 50 mL of water and blended for one minute. Once blended, 20 mL of 25% saline solution and 10 mL of liquid detergent was added to the mixture and blended for 3 minutes. The mixture was then added to a flask and placed into a bath of hot water at 42? C for 10 minutes. The mixture was then removed from the hot water bath and filtered using a cheese cloth (dryer sheet) into a beaker. In a test tube (test tube â€Å"B†), 10 mL of 90-95% ethanol was placed into a beaker filled with ice. Then 10 mL of the filtered mixture was then placed into a test tube (test tube â€Å"C†). Test tube â€Å"C† was tilted at an angle and the ethanol from test tube â€Å"B† was slowly poured into test tube â€Å"C†. After 5 minutes, a white layer was formed between the onion-detergent mixture (test tube â€Å"B†) and the ethanol (test tube â€Å"C†). A plastic pipette was used to remove the white layer from the tube and placed into a micro centrifuge tube. The micro centrifuge tube was centrifuged at 10 K rpm for 1 minute. The supernatant in the tube was then removed and discarded only leaving the white pellet that was formed at the bottom. Results During this experiment, the DNA of the onion had formed at the bottom of the micro centrifuge tube.

How To Write A College Application Essay

How To Write A College Application Essay How To Write A College Application Essay How To Write A College Application Essay: Difficulties You May FaceMany students search for help on how to write a college essay at professional writing services.The frequency of the requests for help in writing college application essays is explained by some difficulties with lack of essence of the how to write a college application essay as well as with inability to work with the material for essays writings.College Application Essay Writing ProcessFirst of all, let us define what admission essay is.Admission essay is a prose essay of the small volume that expresses personal experience of the writer, impressions and thoughts on particular admission issue, demonstrates obtained achievements, etc. Admission essays writing do not obviously claim to the irrefragable answer.College admissions essays writing is a new, subjectively colored word about something that has a philosophical, critical or fictional character. College entrance essays writing suggest creative freedom. Admission ess ays can be written on any topic and in any style that is it can be written any way one likes and about everything as the essay it is your reflection about heard, read, viewed. Essays as a genre of composition actively invade in students life. Student should write an essay not only where the subject area - English language and literature, but also history, foreign languages. Rules And RecommendationsFor the literate, interesting essay the writer should follow certain rules and recommendations Find how to write a college admission essay How to write a college admissions essay How to write a college application essays How to write a college entrance essay How to write a college level essayin the Internet

Guide On Writing Satirical Essays

Guide On Writing Satirical Essays 100 Assorted Topics for Writing an Excellent Satirical Essay Many people can identify satire but lack the means to define what it is, or even create it. A satirical essay is not easy to write, with the challenge sprouting from making a cohesive argument with the use of satire as a literal device. With a review of catalogs associated to devices, most writers utilize satire as a means of critique. For example, a writer will use satire to criticize the stupidity and waywardness of any individual or society by applying humor, exaggeration, irony, or mockery. The intention is to advance human nature by criticizing its irrationalities and shortcomings. Bad satirical essays lack humor or irony within the context, with the description just sounding like a normal essay. A well written satirical essay constitutes an assortment of points raised using intricacies of diverse humor types, as a way of creating an all-rounded argument about a specific person or aspect related to the world. Our day-to-day life is surrounded by satirical essay topics even though they are not as evident or direct. As a writer, you should select an interesting satirical essay topic that will give you the will to define a reliable outline and a concrete, witty essay which altogether argues about the major issues society faces. The following are several themes that satirical essay topics are based on: General Satirical Topics Humor topics for a satirical essay should be associated with subjects that are light in nature, and consist of an aspect of intrinsic amusement within them. Examples of such are topics related to sports, fashion or entertainment, as they are less serious and easy to make fun of. While trying to select a funny topic, focus on any arising issue within sports, entertainment, or fashion and brainstorm of ways you can ridicule the issue. For example, most movies and sequels are produced under a high budget, which most people are already used to and are growing exhausted with the fiction behind them. A satirical essay topic that can be derived from this could read, â€Å"Fiction, the new true story in movie-making.† Or â€Å"Surely, works of fiction shall set you free.† Or â€Å"How to repeat the same story in so many different ways we already know.† Also, as racial and gender elements of life have become a common topic of debate. The same format and intellect used to create a satirical topic for the film could be used to create one on sports. First, have a brainstorm of issues that majorly relate to the subject matter and find an element that you can create a light moment from it. For example, many viewers find stunt bike racing as a stupid and risky move since fatal injuries always arise and life can be lost in such a sport. A satirical essay topic that is relevant to such a problem could be The ride of death: Ways of risking your life for fun. Or Ride till you die: How risk is the ultimate excitement in Stunt bike racing. Within the field of entertainment, a general issue that can be highlighted is the amount of income amassed. Major Movie actors can accumulate an income of over $20 million in a year. However, how many major developments or community unity efforts have you seen them bring forth, or embark on helping controversial issues affecting a large group of people. Most of them just stick to what they do best and make their money. Their character has entertainment and escapism as part of their routine, with a large check in the bank just for showing them off. Several satirical essay topics can be deduced from this, Moral duty: movie stars deserve a bigger check for their contribution to society.† Or â€Å"Humanity at its best: Movie actors deserve more income for their neighborly attitude towards the greater society.† You have now understood the topic crafting technique. It is easier for you to develop your own interesting satirical essay topic. You can also take a look at the list below, made up of several humorous topics for a satirical essay. The Met Gala Event is the epitome of humanity for its Contribution to society Slim fit fashion models: We need more of them The $17,000,000 watch: fashion price tags need to go a bit up The White Models: Minority surely need to be represented less. Minks and Furs: there is no problem in killing furry creatures for fashion innovation. Misrepresentation of other cultures in fashion has its own advantages. Perfect beauty in models: the best way to encourage a young girls self-esteem Fashion and photo manipulation: unrealistic standards need more recognition Rolling with the flow: you should buy another $1000 suit to match up your $1000 suit. All fake everything: sensible expectations within the fashion scene Beauty is power: the new sensation that young girls crave for. A diet for your health: the beer and cigarette buffet Advantages of child labor: children tailors are beneficial for the fashion industry. Trainer shoes worldwide: keeping the fashion word running a step at a time. Separation of social classes: high-end designers and the $30,000 dress Why Mark Walberg is a fit candidate for the presidency Ways to compensate more the efforts made by professional athletes There is money without education: reasons professional sports leagues should withdraw the college requirement option. Dumb but wealthy: no harm is done having uneducated professional athletes The all-white experience: why we need more racial based phrases with ethnic slurs Express your feeling: why athletes don’t need the post-game handshake The verification technology in sports should not be used: here’s why Drug tests carried out on professional athletes should be banned Steroid use should be encouraged in sports. Here’s why College athletes should be awarded why more cash despite their big scholarship deal Aging movie stars need more checks despite the millions they have cashed in already The need for more expensive movie tickets: why the normal price should be raised Scantily dressed women in films should be given more roles: here’s why Why the movie scene should come up with more white superheroes Straight, white males: why they are the epitome o quality in the movie business The movie scene: why we need more movies themed with despair Sex and Violence: why we need more of this in movies Storytelling: why it is the most boring thing to try Flashy cars and jewelry: why music superstars need to spend more on this. Satirical Essay Topics for High School Topics that are related to the high school teaching methodology level should focus on specific aspects. This includes the daily occurrences in high school life, responsibilities, and peer pressure among other themes. They should focus and limit themselves to the high school age bracket. For instance, if a satirical essay topic should embark on a theme describing stresses of high school life, provoke ridicule on the pressures encountered by students during this period. An example of a satirical topic essay under this theme is Why finishing high school is a sad experience. This topic ridicules the pressures encountered in high school by students while they struggle to achieve the requirements of joining college. Another example of a satirical essay topic is why you shouldnt worry about your SAT score. This is another point of pressure, and resulting stress students go through while in high school. The SAT is well known as a curriculum determinant to get into the best college for the po ssibility of a bright future. The academic life in high school can also be ridiculed to come up with a relevant, satirical essay topic. Some examples of topics deduced from this may read. â€Å"Studying literature is a waste of time: 7 reasons why† or â€Å"no need to stress on reading in your final weeks, you will excel.† The above topics mock the importance of students studying for their exams in the final weeks to grasp what they were taught and effectively answer their final exams with confidence. For instance, advanced math is a subject which many students struggle to grasp when taught. Writing an essay that ridicules the importance of this subject would be prudent and relatable. Example topics â€Å"Why you need to fantasize through your math lesson† or â€Å"100 reasons you should know: why math is not as important as people think.† Both topics effectively express satire about the theme of the subject in question. There exist several other satirical essay topics related to college life that highlight the cunning social world that high school life forces its student to undergo. For instance, the topic being an introvert and a loner is the new popular style ridicules the social clichà ©s that high school students experience. Additionally, the essay topic Being the teachers favorite guarantees social popularity mocks a situation that attributes to social exile in high school. Utilizing this form of ridicule based on the common stressors experienced in high school is a guaranteed method of creating an interesting satirical essay topic. The following are examples. Being a snitch assures you social support An unreasonable attitude is key to receiving both social love and hate Popular kids should be treated like gods Missing lessons define your independence Reasons why you should only talk to people of your social standards Slack off and let the book warmers keep the academic finesse You need to dress to impress in high school: reasons why Reasons why you should not consult teachers for help Bullying should be legalized in high school Reasons to mock students you do not like Reasons to always hand in your homework late No need to actively contribute in class: Reasons why Your future depends on partying all weekends Your rights: reasons to use your cellular device in class Nothing exceeds the power of social media following Extracurricular activities: Party and have fun instead Evidence that your teachers wish the worst for you No need to pay attention in class: reasons why Why you dont need to ask for guidance in matters, you dont understand You need a new hobby: reasons why college prep classes are irrelevant Studying for your SAT is a waste of time: here’s why Being part of a social clichà © is prudent in creating a meaningful life Your happiness matters the most, even when compared to acing your GPA All lessons taught in high school are crap: here’s why 50 effective ways to enrage your teacher Always fight back: reasons to engage a bully The joy in losing tangible friendships The positive outcomes of sneaking your pet to school School safety is a waste of resources and time. Here’s why Eat junk, promote the health of your mind and body You don’t need a sports hobby to learn teamwork Good reasons teachers need to be overpaid How best to show your teacher you intend not to listen The social popularity in being sent to the principal’s office. To come up with a well-written satire essay topic connecting to the high school level, you are to focus on the elements that are stressors to the students, not forgetting the expectations demanded from them. Ridicule of these issues will ensure you come up with several topics under this type of essay. The year 2018 Satirical Essay Topics A satirical essay topic that directly associates with the year 2018 should place its focus on the events, milestones and any popular outrages that occurred during this period. For instance, most of these essays should utilize the presidency of Donald Trump as a theme for ridicule. His unconventional way of leadership offers enough material for you to work with as a writer. For example, a satirical essay topic can be like Why competent leaders lack consistency. Such a topic mocks President Trumps unconventional ways of leadership. Another topic example includes Interruption during a debate is prudent or Trumps policy for building a wall is one of the best foreign policy, reasons why. All these questions ridicule Donald trumps presidency, which are events that occurred in 2018. Another popular topic of the year 2018 is the Me too movement, which started in 2017 but has since then grown up to date. This movement was responsible for exposing highly ranked officials who were abusing their power of the office. This movement also helped unmask abuses that have been done in the field on entertainment, politics, corporate levels, broadcasting among other fields. As a trending subject, satirizing it requires utmost care since its still expressing concern as a hot topic of discussion. For example, a topic like No need for equal responsibilities in the workplace satirizes issues women face in the workplace, and still can be utilized to highlight the ongoing trend. Another topic can be Harassment is not that serious, deal with it which ridicules the need to report and record a statement about instances of harassment in the workplace. Another audacious topic can be R. Kelly for president which satirizes the disrespect and indecency the singer R. Kelly has on women. While finding a way to develop a relevant list of satirical essay topics, you should focus on the major issues that were highlights of the year 2018. The environmental issues still hold ground as a source of 2018 satirical essay topics. Here is a list of satirical essay topics relating to the year 2018: Carbon discharges are harmless Throw your garbage anywhere, anyhow The ocean should be used as a dumping site Eco-friendly vehicles are way hyped Humanity cannot do without greenhouse gases Eating fruits and vegetables is just an insignificant need for luxury The advantages of global warming to humanity The fun in pollution of people’s parks Take part in the ocean oil spill exercise Safe air travel is overrated It should be legal to carry your firearm in an airplane Reasons why you should avoid listening to the flight attendant Life is short, ignore the seatbelt sign on an airplane Getting comfortable: scary words to say to your seatmate in an airplane The safety in racial profiling Advantages of shooting first Providing justice: police should not pay for shooting innocent people Society is at a better place with police brutality Keeping racism intact and applicable through police brutality Intrigues women love sexual harassment in the workplace. Women don’t need workplace safety. Reasons why Organizational profit strategy: pay women less, award more to men Best examples of the greatness in a leader who lies Narcissism as a core leadership mannerism Reasons why immigrants are the architects of all crimes Benefits of the turnover in the cabinet of a president Alternative facts give total meaning to a specified aspect in question Self-ambition is the critical factor towards great leadership Truthful leaders are useless to the greatness of the American people How nepotism solves any leadership hurdles Conclusion Creating a satirical essay topic is easy and straightforward when specific aspects are considered. After creating a relevant topic, come up with amusing points that will give flesh to your topic of discussion. The identified amusing point will highlight the social issue in question, problem, injustice or any other negative social issue that needs to be addressed. While having fun writing this essay, do not forget to highlight the relevant issues. This will give your work a logical flow of ideas.

Kant Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kant - Research Paper Example My reasoning is based on the thinking that Kant was of the opinion that if the offender committed murder that he must die because there was no possible substitute that could satisfy justice. Put another way, â€Å"there is no parallel between death and even the most miserable life. There is no equality of crime and retribution unless the perpetrator is judicially put to death.† (Pojman, 1998, p. 29) The example that is given by Kant is that if a society lived on an island and decided to disperse and to go to various parts of the earth, first the last murderer in prison would have to be executed in order that each should receive his just deserts and that â€Å"the people should not bear the guilt of a capital crime through failing to insist on its punishment; for if they do not do so, they can be regarded as accomplices in the public violation of justice.† (Pojman, 1998, p. 29) Kant believes that the â€Å"right to not be killed is a natural right which society cannot o verride and it can only be undermined by one’s own immoral acts, as the criminal forfeits his right to freedom or life.† (Pojman, 1998, p. 30) Kant believed that â€Å"each person has intrinsic worth, based upon their ability to reason, but that we can forfeit that worth through immoral acts† (Pojman, 1998, p. 44) such that the death penalty might well be appropriate. Pojman interprets Kant’s position to be that â€Å"a failure to punish constitutes an endorsement of the criminal act, or a form of criminal complicity after the fact.† (Pojman, 1998, p. 9) Kant and his followers have three main theses they base their justification of punishment on. First, that â€Å"only the guilty can be punished; that if you have committed a crime, morality demands that you suffer an evil for it; and, that the correct amount of punishment imposed upon the morally or legally guilty offender is that equal to the moral seriousness of the offense.† (Pojman, 1998,

The Climate of Teamwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Climate of Teamwork - Essay Example In the following parts, first, some background information has been provided. It is followed by the segment elaborating the teamwork in the presentation. Subsequently, definition and application of Honey and Mumford learning style part have been included. Before conclusion, preferred learning style has been detailed. My team consisted of five members. After a careful deliberation, it was decided that each team member will have individual tasks and subsequently they will be required to give a presentation on the given topic. For our team, the topic was â€Å"Analysis on the Market Position and Financial Performance of Orange.† For this task, I assigned different activities/tasks to the team members in which literature research and company research, Harvard citation style and writing the assignment were the main areas given to the team members. After completing this part, it was time to give a presentation on the topic. For the presentation, we sat together and chalked out the presentation strategy. Belbin has identified 9 team roles: plant, shaper, resource investigator, co-coordinator, implementer, evaluator/monitor, team worker, and finisher/completer and specialist (Belbin, 2014). Each role requires different expertise, potential and skill and capable enough to handle a particular situation within a team. Belbin describes that the role of the shaper is identified as having dynamic behavior, outgoing besides challenging ineffectiveness and complacency (Prichard and Stanton, 1999). However, Belbin also points out that the team of shaper demonstrates higher work rates and capable enough to search out different possible ways to get things sorted out (Prichard and Stanton, 1999). Keeping in view the requirements and work of the task I had, I performed the role of the shaper.

Questions based on evolution and definitions Essay

Questions based on evolution and definitions - Essay Example Batesian mimicry which is a natural selection that favors the non-poisonous butterflies due to their similarity in their color with the poisonous butterflies is an example of a negative frequency-dependent. Positive frequency-dependency is seen in morph butterflies that are within the same species but have a different color pattern. Linkage disequilibrium arises when the genotype of at two loci is independent of each other and is as a result of Mutation, Random drift and Gene flow. It can be maintained by inducing mutation, random drift or gene flow in a generation. Deterministic forces are referred to as linear pressures due to their tendency to of pushing alleles frequencies in one direction which is either up , down or towards the middle. Important forces that take place in such a situation include selection, mutation, gene flow, meiotic drive and nonrandom mating. However, stochastic evolutionary force is the genetic drift that takes place due to random sampling of individuals and genes in small populations. Both are important because they lead to evolution as they cause changes in the genetic makeup of any population. The variance of reproductive success is usually higher among males than the females because the male sperm runs faster than the female, but dies faster than the female. The effect of this is more females in the society as a result of higher chances of having a female offspring. In situations when nonrandom processes overwhelm the random processes, it leads to low levels of variation which cannot be reconstructed over ecological time scales. Moreover, variation can arise from mutation and recombination. Since selection can remove variations from a population, genetic drift takes place. Antagonistic pleiotropy is a situation whereby the one gene controls foe more than one trait where at least a single of these traits

The Effect of Red Cabbage in Sperm Quality of Mus Musculus Essay Example for Free

The Effect of Red Cabbage in Sperm Quality of Mus Musculus Essay Our human species is not exactly known for its willingness to comply with divine instruction. But when God said unto them â€Å"Be fruitful and multiply†, they were more than eager to comply. They took the task to heart. They turned a duty into a pleasure. The majority of couples had no problem. A minority, however, were distressed because of delay or inability to conceive and bring forth children. Medicine tried to help them to conceive naturally. There remained, however, a group who could not reproduce naturally without assistance. Infertility affects more than 80 million people worldwide. In general, one in ten couples experiences primary or secondary infertility, but infertility rates vary amongst countries from less than 5% to more than 30%. The increasing prevalence of infertility cases is becoming a major public health problem in developing countries (WHO, 2002). The term â€Å"infertility† refers to inability to conceive after having regular unprotected sex. Infertility can also refer to the biological inability of an individual to contribute to conception, or to a female who cannot carry a pregnancy full term (Medical News Today, 2009). Though infertility was traditionally considered a woman’s issue, research has demonstrated that approximately 40 percent of infertility is due in part or entirely to male factors (Essay Empire, 2012). More than 90% of male infertility cases are known to be due to low sperm quality. In 30 – 40% cases of sperm abnormality, the main cause remains unknown but the rest could be due to health problems such as chronic disease, lack of nutrition, genetic abnormality and environmental factors. One of the contributing factors that affect sperm quality is the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (Abdul Aziz, Farid and Mahanem Mat Noor, 2010). Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are highly reactive oxidizing agents (free radicals). They have long been known to be a component of the killing response of immune cells to microbial invasion (Paul Held, 2010). They are formed at various organs including the testes. Previous studies explained that testicular cells are well equipped with enzymatic and low molecular weight antioxidants to maintain redox homeostasis and prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, excessive formation of ROS may over-ride antioxidant defenses and results in oxidative stress that induced permanent damaged to testicular cells. Oxidative stress consequently results in abnormal sperm production and function. Therefore, natural antioxidants could possibly be able to minimize generation of an excess ROS and subsequently protect the testicular damage (Abdul Aziz et. al. , 2010). In recent times, the field of â€Å"green medicine† has witnessed a renaissance of interest as drugs of herbal origin are relatively inexpensive, accessible, and onsidered to be safe compared to synthetic counterparts (Parek and Chanda 2006; Venkatesh and Krishnakumari 2006). Drugs of herbal origin therefore, remain the main source of active drugs from a natural source and are still indispensable in the traditional field of alternative medicine for treating a number of diseases. According to the World Health Organization (1996), about 80% of the world’s population depends on alternative medicines. Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L; Fam, Brassicaceae) is a commonly used dietary supplement that is rich in anthocyanins such as, cyanidin-3diglucoside-5-glucoside derivatives with various acylated groups connected to the diglucoside, mostly sinapoyl esters (Wu and Prior, 2005; Lo Scalzo, R. , Genna, A. , Branca, F. , Chedin, M. and Chassaigne, H. , 2008). Also, the presence of natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, ? -tocopherol and ? -carotene, lutein, and so on has been reported in the red cabbage extracts (Jagdish Singh, Upadhyay, AK. , Bahadur, A. , Singh, B. , Singh, KP. nd Mathura, Rai 2006). Many reports link Brassica vegetable intakes with reduced risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer. The beneficial biological properties of these vegetables have been partially attributed to their dietary antioxidants. Despite the widespread use of red cabbage as dietary supplement, there is no literature on pharmacological evaluation of its effect on sperm quality. Present study was therefore undertaken to identify whether the extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. show any effects on sperm count, sperm morphology and sperm motility.

Global Warming Essay -- Environment, Renewable Energy

Everyone is talking about it, and the news is constantly covering it. But nobody ever does anything about it. The â€Å"it† is global warming. Global warming has been steadily increasing since the industrial revolution at alarming rates causing extreme weather including droughts, floods, heat waves, and hurricanes, which is a major concern. In fact, it’s increasing at a rate of 10% every year (Ferrey 68). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a group of scientists and government representatives from 130 countries that estimate the temperature rise to be 3.2-7.8 degrees Fahrenheit by the year 2100 (Cunningham 207). There is a way to slow carbon emissions. The people of Sweden produce only 6.5 tons per person per year of carbon dioxide (CO2) versus the United States with a CO2 production rate of 20.14 tons per person per year. Amazingly, Sweden adopted renewable energy sources and strict conservation measures which have reduced its carbon emissions by 4 0 percent over the past 30 years while still experiencing dramatic increases in personal income and quality of life (Cunningham 208). In order to minimize the consequences of global warming, we must introduce highly efficient vehicles, create an abundance of renewable resources, and form the laws needed to slow global warming. Each of these solutions will provide a dramatic impact in reducing the carbon emissions, but it will take more than just the effort of these solutions, we must apply them to keep the earth as healthy as possible. The first solution is the introduction of highly efficient cars that will get better gas mileage and consume much less fossil fuel because they are the primary producers in global warming (Heckeroth 94). There has been significant develo... ...ote these technologies, developing nations will not take part in these options, which are often more expensive to implement. They will instead decide to burn coal and other fossil fuels (Ferrey 19). This would then defeat the purpose of proposing solutions because they would be doing the opposite of what is intended. In conclusion, there is a lot that is needed to be done about global warming, but the change won’t happen fast. In order to minimize the consequences of global warming, these solutions must be acted upon right away in order to slow global warming. We humans are the ones ultimately responsible of this problem; so we must agree in every way to solve it before the consequences get even worse. If this is followed the world will then have converted into a primarily solar energy world, free of its dependence on fossil fuels and the harm of the environment.

Kiffe Kiffe Tomorrow

Kiffe Kiffe Tomorrow tells a very radical and lonely story of an Arabian that is faced with hard struggles in life. After her father left them for another woman, Doria’s world was crushed and she became pessimistic. But above all that pessimism lies a hope for a better life for her and her mother. After her father left them for another woman, Doria began to lose hope and became unhopeful. Since then many social workers were adamant to try and help them (Guene).The catalyst for Doria to have a very pessimistic view in life is the fact that her father left them in a slum for another woman back in their homeland. Moreover, the fact that her mother is illiterate and that they have to work many jobs just to satisfy their very needs added to the feeling of hopelessness that she felt. Since that kind of life dawned upon them, Doria has to face the truth about her life. Many psychologists began to offer their help to Doria but she seemed to move away from them. She does not appreciate their assistance or help.The efforts of the psychologists and social workers were not very helpful in changing young Doria’s outlook in life. When Madame Burlaud showed her pictures as attest, Doria thought that it was funny and described her actions as like in a dog.With this kind of reaction and analogy that Doria gave, it seems that she does not want help from any of them. It is just sad that she feels this way because personally, even though I have not met any social worker, I believe that they have the best interest for a person. Doria is very firm that they their attempts are just futile but, in reality, she really needs all the help in the world. Moreover, the fact that she does not have very good roles and influences around her shapes her points of view in life. Being strong is good but sometimes; admitting that we are weak is even a stronger deed.In my opinion, Doria will not have that good life that she dreams of if she continues to reject all the positive criticis ms and influences around her. Just like what is stated above, she needs a more positive outlook in life. Foremost, the social workers could have given them a more suitable place to live in because all these negative thoughts that is cooked up in her mind is an indirect product of   her environment.She needs to first find a healthy environment for both of them. Afterwards, she should go to school to earn her degree so that she can find a good job. Doria and her mother will have a stronger and meaningful bond if she will just accept all the good offers that these caring people give.Regarding the reading assignment, the author has indeed a point when he stated that the minority ethnic groups in France refuse to be integrated in their culture (Hargreaves). Moreover, he stated that the bigger blame should be on the government’s â€Å"integration policies† for the country’s minority ethnic group (Hargreaves). The minority groups refuse to cooperate with the governme nt for many reasons and because of these, it became a reason for riots to occur all over the country.This fact is evident in the narration of Guene; wherein the protagonist from her book refuses to be â€Å"integrated† to the French system. This news is very racist and ethnocentric in nature. I believe that the French government has something good in stored for the ethnic minority groups in their country; but because of pride, nationalism and even religion, these groups refuses to act on it because they are all so proud of their roots.But I believe that peace can be attained from these conflicts if both parties will respect the decision of each other. Both parties can have a benefit from each one if they will able to make some very good policies that will benefit the larger portion of the groups. I believe that more than love, respect and understanding should be instilled for all the leaders of the minority ethnic groups and the politicians to attain a very good goal.Work Cit ed:Guene, Faiza. Kiffe Kiffe Tomorrow. Tra Edition ed: Harvest Books, 2006.Hargreaves, Alec G. â€Å"An Emperor with No Clothes?†Ã‚   (2005). January 22, 2008 .

Ethics and Social Responsibilities of Business Essay

It is cardinal fact that the â€Å"emergence of management as a distinct and identifiable activity in the modern era has had an important impact on the society with which it developed† (Massie 29). Even during the early the early days of the 20th century, most of the business corporations were predominantly concerned with their singular objective of profit maximization. As a matter of stark reality, business corporations are open system and, resultantly, they need to continuously interact with the society. Hence, many social activists began to question this singular motive of organization during the later part of the previous century. Many scholars like Bowen, pointed out that since the corporations drive their existence from the society, it must possess certain obligations towards the betterment of the later. Gradually, in the modern times, business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) became a ‘science of conduct’ for almost all the business units (McNamara).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In very simple terms, business ethics is a â€Å"study of morality and standards of conducts† (Fred and Richard, 480). By the term ‘ethics’ we generally used to refer to the rules or principles which define right and wrong code of conduct. According to Walton, â€Å"business ethics is concerned with truth and justice and has variety of aspects such as expectations of the society, fair competition, advertizing, public relations, social responsibilities, consumer autonomy, and corporate behavior in the home country as well as abroad† (qtd. in Paul, 66).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the modern era, the expectations and demand of the customer’s and the society as a whole has changed a lot, and hence, most of the business organizations have become more and more aware of their ethical and social responsibilities towards their interest groups. According to Kenneth R. Andrews, the term ethical and social responsibility mean the â€Å"intelligent and objective concern for the welfare of society that restraints individual and corporate behavior from ultimately destructive activities, no matter how immediately profitable, and leads in the direction of positive contribution to human betterment† (qtd. in Ray 24). Thus along with promoting its own interests, business should always behave in a responsible manner towards the interests and betterment of its employees, customers, creditors, government, shareholders and the society as a whole. Thus, as Davis and Robert have rightly observed, â€Å"corporate social responsibility indicates the management’s commitment towards upholding the interests of direct stakeholders and to behave in an economically and environmentally responsible manner† (Davis and Robert, 1975). To What Extent Should Business be involved in fulfilling Social Obligations For more than two centuries, the debate has still been going on about whether business should possess social and ethical responsibilities towards the society. If so, then the question naturally arrives – to what extent business should involve itself towards the betterment and welfare of the former? An analysis of facts and arguments are sure to make this point crystal clear. These are discussed hereunder as follows: Arguments against Businesses’ Involvements:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First of all, the principal objective of business is to generate profit and, hence, any involvement in social affairs or much ethical behavior is surely directed against this motive. In the views of Milton Friedman, only people can have responsibilities; business as a whole, considered as artificial person, cannot be expected to possess such responsibilities. The only responsibility that business should have is to maximize its profits (Friedman 1970).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Secondly, businesses have to incur excessive cost for any social involvements. But, where from this cost will come? This cost is generally adjusted by increasing the selling price of goods produced and services rendered by the business. Hence, â€Å"the corporate executives would be spending someone else’s money for a general social interest† (Friedman 1970). Hence, as a result of businesses’ involvement in social affairs, the society itself has to bear the burden of this excess cost. As Levitt puts it, the results would be socially less desirable than the previous days when firms were predominantly concerned with their only objective of profit-maximization (1958).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thirdly, since any social involvements is sure to increase the price of products, the MNCs operating at overseas markets may face stiff competition from the local counterparts which may not be involved in fulfilling ethical and social obligations. This may create an weakened international balance of payments (BoP).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fourthly, too much social involvements may immensely enhance the power and authority of business through political and social means itself. This can ultimately corrupt them in the subsequent times (Richard and Fred 480).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fifthly, business executive lacks social skills and are not effective in handling social affairs. According to Friedman, the managers should concentrate on what they know the best – ‘how to make profits’ (1970).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, there are no specifically defined parameters of ethical and social responsibility. â€Å"What does it mean to say that the corporate executive has a ‘social responsibility?† (Friedman 1970). There is no agreement that clearly defines what type of social, ethical and moral responsibilities that businesses should undertake. Arguments for Social and Ethical Responsibilities: The modern world has witnessed a drastic change in the expectations of the society. First of all, every business organization is a part of the social system. It earns its profits from the society in which it operates. Organizations should, therefore, always consider the impacts of its decisions on the society. Since businesses earn their profits from the society, the former must possess certain responsibilities to the later. Secondly, both the society and business are equally benefited when a symbiotic relationship exists between the two. The society gains through economic developments and reduction of unemployment rate, and, on the other hand, business is benefited through the customers and workforce supplied by the society. Thirdly, a positive social image helps the business to increase its brand image in the eye of the consumers and thereby increasing the number its loyal customers. A favorable public image helps the business to attract and retain skillful employees, great investors etc. Fourthly, a favorable public image helps the business to avoid the vigil eyes of the government and other regulatory agencies. It certainly provides greater independence and flexibility in the mode of their operations. Fifthly, social responsibility involves the conservation of natural resources which is very much beneficial not only to the society, but also for the business itself. Many products, like cans, bottles etc., which were considered as wastes in the earlier days, can now be recycled and profitably used. Sixthly, business possess considerable amount of power and authority – the exercise of this power should be balanced through a simultaneous display of ethical responsibility. Finally, business should prevent social problems for its own interests. Instead of allowing large scale unemployment leading to social political unrest, which can eventually spoil the operations of business in the subsequent times, business organization can rather become the source of employment for qualified and eligible people. Social and Ethical Responsibility on Interests Groups The International Seminar on Social Responsibility of Business has rightly observed that business corporations should be responsible to the following interests groups: Shareholders: The shareholders provide the prime resources i.e. the capital to the business for its existence, growth and development. Hence, the later must protect interests of the former. Employees: Employees are the most important assets for any organizations. It is through the employees that the business runs itself. In the earlier days, the management regarded its employees as only a factor of production and, therefore, denied their true rights. However, modern managements have rightly understood that unless the employees are happy, it is very much difficult to reach high levels of customer’s satisfaction. Customers: The most successful businesses of the world put the customer first, ahead of the investors (Mackey 2005). Modern organizations have realized the importance of keeping the customers satisfied. The growth of consumerism has contributed much to this realization. Creditors: The major inputs like machine, money, materials etc. are supplied by the creditors. Hence, business must behave ethically and responsively towards them. Society: Every business corporations, being open systems, operates within a social system. It draws its resources from the society in which it operates. Hence, it must be socially responsible for the welfare of the later. Government: It is the government of a country of state that provides the primary facilities for the growth and development of the business. Most of the governmental decisions are subjected towards the growth and betterment of the business. Hence, the business, in its turn, should behave ethically and in a socially responsible way towards the government. Conclusion Every business organization is a part of the economic and political system and not an isolated island without any foreign relations. It is the core of a network of relationships to individuals, groups, and things (Reddy and Tripathy 295). Hence, the management should always consider the impacts of their decisions on all the interest groups with which it is closely bonded. The business should operate as a trustee for the wellbeing of its employees, customers, the government, suppliers and creditors, shareholders and the society as a whole. In fact, the management’s duty is to mediate among all these social stakeholders in order to ensure that each of them gets a square deal and none of their interests and benefits are unduly sacrificed to those of the others. Social and ethical responsibilities â€Å"are management’s responsiveness to public consensus† (Adolph 1963).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every civil citizen must possess some social and ethical responsibilities. True that the business corporations are considered as ‘artificial persons’ – but does that mean it should not possess any obligations towards the welfare of the system in which it grows and develops? Obviously, to increase profit is one of the prime motive of every business and from this point, any social involvements reduces the percentage of profit for the business. But, from a wider perspective, it can be concluded that, business corporations should â€Å"behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large† (Holme and Watts). References Adolph, A.B. The American Economic Republic, Harcourt Brace and World, New York, 1963 Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct: Carroll Business Society.1999, 268-295 Davis, K. and Robert, L. B. Business and Society, Environment and Responsibility, Revised   Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Book Company Inc. New York, 1975 Friedman, M. The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profit, New York   Times Magazine, 13 September, 1970 Friedman, M. ibid, 1970 Friedman, M. ibid, 1970 Holme, L and Watts, R. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Making   Good Business Sense – http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/CSRfiles/definition.html Levitt, T. The Dangers of Social Responsibility, Harvard Business Review, Sept, 1958. Mackey, J. (qtd. in) Rethinking the Social Responsibilities of Business, October 2005   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.reason.com/news/show/32239.html McNamara, C. 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Ethics and Social Responsibilities, International Management, Third Edition, McGraw Hill International Editions, 1997, 480 Richard, M.H. and Fred, L. ibid, 481 Stehi, S.P, Dimensions of Corporate Social Performance, An analytical Framework,   California Management Review, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1975, p. 58-64 The International Seminar on Social Responsibilities of Business: (qtd. in Mukharjee, P.B. Social Responsibilities of Business, 1994, 09